The Journal of Reproductive Medicine, 53 (5), 338-346
Initial research suggested that the memory-enhancing effects often attributed to AngII were, in fact, mediated by its conversion to AngIV, acting at the AT4 receptor subtype
This water-soluble tripeptide, made from the amino acids glycine, cysteine and glutamic acid, supports the cells in detoxification and helps protect them from damage caused by free radicals
However, mitochondrial dysfunction can lead to a buildup of ROS due to an imbalance in their production and degradation 4,5 Another major source of ROS is NADPH oxidase (Nox), a membrane-bound enzyme complex that produces superoxide by transferring an electron to oxygen from NADPH
This means that they cannot carry oxygenated blood around the body properly, leading to nerve damage or neuropathy
In mitochondria, GSH regulates apoptosis via modulation of oxidative phosphorylation and cytochrome c activity