Not for human or veterinary use
However, deficiency is quite common , particularly among vegetarians, older adults, and people with certain digestive conditions
The amounts delivered by standard peptide protocols are far below toxic copper thresholds, but users with Wilson's disease or copper metabolism disorders should avoid copper peptides entirely
4,5 Dietary insufficiency, pernicious anemia (i.e., an autoimmune process that reduces available intrinsic factor and subsequent absorption of vitamin B 12 1,2,6,7 ), and long-term use of metformin or acid-suppressing medications have been implicated in B 12 deficiency
The result is a vicious cycle where declining NAD+ leads to worse metabolic function, which can lead to weight gain, which increases NNMT activity further
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