Donner J, Anderson H, Davison S, et al
ROS may accumulate due to: Environmental toxins Inflammation Radiation exposure Aging Source: International Journal of Molecular Science Environmental Toxins / Drugs Certain toxins or drugs may damage mitochondria or inhibit respiratory chain enzymes, such as: Pesticides (e.g., rotenone, paraquat) Alcohol Antibiotics (e.g., chloramphenicol) Antiretrovirals (e.g., nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors) Source: Current Environmental Health Reports Nutrient Deficiencies Mitochondrial function depends on cofactors and nutrients such as: Coenzyme Q10 (ubiquinone) B vitamins (especially B1, B2, B3, B5) L-carnitine Magnesium Alpha-lipoic acid Deficiencies may impair ATP production or increase oxidative burden
Typically, your healthcare provider will have you increase the dosage every four weeks, until you reach a dose that is effective for you while keeping side effects manageable
Crystal structure of NAD(+)-dependent DNA ligase: modular architecture and functional [PMID: 10698952] Laboratory literature summary: Crystal structure of NAD(+)-dependent DNA ligase: modular architecture and functional implications
Gastroenterology, 163 (5), 11981225
Each ingredient in this formula contributes uniquely to skin health and beauty