Back to Journals Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity Volume 19 Gastrointestinal Adverse Effects of GLP-1 and Dual GLP-1/GIP Receptor Agonists: A Comprehensive Update in Diabetic and Obese Populations Authors Ylmaz N , Bastemir M Received 27 November 2025 Accepted for publication 13 January 2026 Published 30 January 2026 Volume 2026:19 584175 DOI Checked for plagiarism Yes Review by Single anonymous peer review Peer reviewer comments 4 Editor who approved publication: Dr Halis Akturk Nimet Ylmaz, 1 Mehmet Bastemir 2 1 Department of Gastroenterology, SANKO University Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep, Turkey
Stool testing, hydration status, and exposure history guide care
According to the Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPCs), GLP-1 medications commonly cause nausea (reported in approximately 20-40% of patients with semaglutide and 12-21% with dulaglutide), vomiting, and diarrhoea, particularly during initial treatment and dose escalation
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Herbal preparations that affect blood glucose levels, such as ginseng, fenugreek, or bitter melon, may have additive glucose-lowering effects when combined with semaglutide, potentially increasing the risk of hypoglycemia particularly in patients receiving other antidiabetic medications
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