Symptoms of severe vitamin B12 deficiency can include visual disturbances, severe joint pain, paresthesia (tingling in the hands and feet), memory problems, depression, anxiety, poor muscle function, ataxia (impaired balance and coordination), changes in reflexes and even infertility
Freeze-thaw sensitivity is lower than for a peptide, since there is no secondary structure to lose, but aliquoting still avoids repeated stopper punctures and concentration drift from evaporation
However, there are also cases when additional factors such as lack of sleep, poor diet, and deficiency of other vitamins like iron, folate, and others, contribute to the issue
Please consult with your veterinarian for further questions about Cyanocobalamin injections and whether the product is appropriate for your pet
The Grading of Recommendation, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) tool was used to assess the certainty of the evidence for the two primary biochemical outcomesserum vitamin B12 concentration increase and homocysteine reductionacross all included studies, and separately for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies
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