J Orthop Res 28:11551161 Chang C-H, Tsai W-C, Lin M-S, Hsu Y-H, Pang J-HS (2010) The promoting effect of pentadecapeptide BPC 157 on tendon healing involves tendon outgrowth, cell survival, and cell migration
Patients who are also suffering from gastrointestinal disorders, such as small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO), Celiac or Crohns may not be absorbing Vitamin B12 optimally due to an underlying inflammatory load and unfavourable microbiome
All potential benefits therefore must be weighed cautiously, and treatment is undertaken under medical supervision given that safety and efficacy are not yet established by regulatory authorities
Research also suggests that these injections might decrease the risk of dementia and other cognitive impairments, especially in individuals with low B12 levels
GHK-Cu topical: 1 %3 % for skin, 0.5 % for scalp AHK-Cu topical: 0.05 %0.1 % is standard in most hair serums - note this is much lower than GHK-Cu percentages Injectable AHK-Cu: less well characterised
Some lyophilization processes create denser powder that needs additional hydration time