FIGURE 1 Drug abuse effects on metabolism and epigenetics The metabolic syndrome is a collection of metabolic abnormalities, including hyperinsulinemia, hypertension, dyslipidaemia, and abdominal obesity, and may be triggered by initial discrepancies at the cellular level in critical metabolic pathways
Authors are also thankful to the animal ethics committee for approving the project and providing necessary animals to conduct the study
Neurochem Int 61:100107 Soetekouw PM, Wevers RA, Vreken P, Elving LD, Janssen AJ, van der Veen Y, Bleijenberg G, van der Meer JW (2000) Normal carnitine levels in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome
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Ocular side effects There is a reported increased risk of diabetic retinopathy with GLP-1 agonists, specifically semaglutide (Ozempic, Wegovy) as demonstrated by the SUSTAIN-6 trial (HR 1.76
[32, 33] That is, we excluded patients who had NAFLD/NASH events within 30, 60, 90, 180, and 365 days following cohort entry because these subjects were considered as high-risk patients for liver events