The mechanism of action centres on mimicking the naturally occurring hormone GLP-1, which is released by the intestine in response to food intake
GLP-1 Agonists (Victoza and Ozempic) 2
When appetite decreases, protein intake often falls as well, which can lead to problems
In contrast, Trulicity is FDA-approved for type 2 diabetes management and cardiovascular risk reduction, with weight loss being a secondary benefit rather than the primary indication
Common additions include: Benzyl alcohol as a preservative in multi-dose vials Buffer solutions to maintain optimal pH (typically around 4.5 to 5.0 for tirzepatide) Mannitol or trehalose as stabilizers in lyophilized formulations These additives affect stability profiles
Clinical trials have shown that gastrointestinal issues are the most frequently reported side effects, with 15.8% of patients experiencing nausea, 8.5% experiencing diarrhea, and 7.3% reporting abdominal pain [17]